Showing posts with label laptop. Show all posts
Showing posts with label laptop. Show all posts

Monday, December 21, 2015

NVMe SSDs, Motherboards and i7 Limitations

TL;DR

Do not buy 2x NVMe disks and plug into M.2 ports if you want max speed. (TL;DR = Too long; did not read = very short summary provided).

Quick Into

For the past month or more I've been hunting for a new laptop to replace my 4-year old Asus gaming laptop & I've been reading a lot about new hardware.

Most shiny new toy is SSD & Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe), particularly, the Samsung Pro 950 which can do 2500 MB/s reads & 1500 MB/s writes, where normal SSDs can do 550 MB/s max. This is because the 950 is an NVMe which uses PCIe slots, not SATA slots.

Technical Details

I noticed that the majority of the laptops are designating only 1 slot as NVMe & another as SATA only, even when both are M.2 PCIe slots. This means only one can be used for the Samsung 950 & get max speed, while the other will function at SATA speed only. The most advanced Intel chipset available for Input/Output devices today is the HM170 which offers 16 PCIe lanes. (more lanes = more devices can connect to the PCIe bus).

However, Asus is releasing a new laptop "ASUS ROG G752VY-DH78K" which has a new Intel chipset: the CM236. This chipset offers 20 PCIe lanes! 4 more than the HM170, and an M.2 port supporting NVMe requires exactly 4 PCIe lanes, but the big catch is that any Intel Skylake processor (i7-6820HK or i7-6700HQ) only has 16 PCIe lanes!

So even though you can plug a 950 NVMe on both M.2 slots, they will be sharing the bus towards the CPU, and you will not get max speed of both at the same time, if there are other devices also using the 16 PCIe lanes, such as graphics cards (and you're likely to have one anyway).

This is valid for desktops as well since the above limitation comes from the i7 Skylake architecture.

Conclusion

If you plan on putting both M.2 slots in RAID0 or do some sort of dual access on them using NVMe disks, you will not see max speed of both.

Desktops

If you have a desktop, your motherboard might have a built-in M.2 slot, which would have dedicated 4x PCIe lanes. You can use a PCIe-to-M.2 adapter to plug an M.2 NVMe into a PCIe card in a standard PCIe bus. This way you should get max speed of both NVMe disks since the bus is not shared and all lanes are dedicated.

If you're using graphics cards in SLI mode, then maybe it would start sharing the bus with them. Watch out from that.

Links & References


Saturday, November 1, 2008

Choosing A Sub-notebook

My sister has been whining that the Lenovo laptop I got her is too big for her to carry around in college. Since she wanted something just to type word documents, do presentations and chat with, I showed her the Asus Eee PC models, and she loved them.

The available models were 7", 8.9" and 10" and luckily they sell these in Kuwait - Hawalli area - Ibn Khaldoun street. I took her so that she can see and relate to the sizes. The 10" was "big" so the debate was whether it's 7" or 8.9".

The difference between the 7" & 8.9" is the screen size and the disk capacity, but the dimensions of both are the same!

Linux or Windows?
Now, for a sub-notebook, you have very limited resources: 512MB-1GB of RAM, 8-30GB of disk space. And the choice of the Operating System makes a VERY big difference.

If you choose to go with the Windows model, you get Windows only, without Office and without an Anti-virus (which is a must). Office 2007 would kill the poor machine, and an anti-virus would make it unbearably slow.

So it's obvious that Linux is the proper choice for such small devices, and guess what? It does come with a set of applications pre-installed, including OpenOffice.org from which you can save as MS Word 2003 format, or export to PDF.

This doesn't apply to Asus only. For any device with limited resources (sub-notebook, PDA, tablet, Smartphone, Embedded devices) I hardly see how Windows would ever be a feasible solution.

Wednesday, January 23, 2008

MacBook Air vs. Lenovo X300

A while ago, a few friends showed me a video on youtube on Apple's release of their new ultra-thin & sexy MacBook Air.

Later on, Gizmodo had some *leaked* info & specs on Lenovo's ultra-thin Thinkpad X300.


Thinkpad X300MacBook Air
+Battery is swappable-Battery can't be changed
+Can add 2nd battery-Can not add another battery
+Built-in DVD writer-CD/DVD: Sold as an accessory
+Built-in fingerprint reader-No fingerprint reader
+Max of 4GB RAM @ 667MHz-Max of 2GB RAM @ 667MHz
+Max CPU speed: 2.0GHz, 800MHz FSB, 4MB L2 Cache-Max CPU speed: 1.8GHz, 800MHz FSB, 4MB L2 Cache
+Max resolution of: 1440x900 @ 128 DPI-Max resolution of: 1280x800
+#USB ports: 3-#USB ports: 1
+#Mini PCI-Express: 2 Full, 1 Half-#Mini PCI-Express: None
+Weight: 1.13 kg / 2.5 lbs-Weight: 1.36 kg / 3 lbs
+Antennas: Bluetooth, WiFi 802.11n, WiMAX, GPS, WWAN-Antennas: Bluetooth, WiFi 802.11n
+Wired network: Gigabit Ethernet port-Wired network: Sold as an accessory
+Enclosure material: Magnesium-alloy for a sturdy & durable cage-Enclosure material: Aluminum
+Built-in camera+Built-in camera
-Video output: VGA+Video output: DVI, VGA
-HDD: 64GB Solid State Disk+HDD: 64GB Solid State Disk, 80GB PATA
-Looks: Sturdy, Rigid+Looks: Cute, Sexy
-31.8x23.1x2.34 cm+32.5x22.7x1.94 cm
Keyboard illumination: Backlit keyboardKeyboard illumination: Backlit keyboard with sensor


Seems like the Apple crowd are sacrificing a lot here...

* Lenovo's laptop isn't out for consumers yet.
** Thinkpad's are IBM laptops. Lenovo handles them now, instead of IBM.